Description
Piracetam Pharmacodynamics
Antihypoxant; blood supply of the brain improving; metabolic; nootropic; antiepileptic
Indications
Neurology: cerebrovascular diseases of the brain, chronic cerebrovascular insufficiency (impaired memory, attention, speech, dizziness, headache); residual effects of stroke (ischemic type); comatose and subcomatose states (including after injuries and intoxication). Including after traumas and intoxications of the brain, and recuperation (to increase motor and mental activity), diseases of the nervous system, accompanied by decreased intellectual and mental functions and disorders of the emotional-volitional sphere (including Alzheimer’s disease). Psychiatry: neurotic syndrome, asthenic-depressive syndrome (different genesis, with a dominant clinical picture of adynamic, asthenic and senesto- hypochondriacal disorders, ideational retardation); sluggish-apathetic defective states (schizophrenia, psychorganic syndrome); complex therapy: Mental illnesses occurring on an `organically defective basis’; depressive states resistant to antidepressants; poor tolerance
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity; severe renal insufficiency (CKR less than 20 ml/min), hemorrhagic stroke
Dosage and administration
- Orally, at the beginning of treatment – 800 mg in 3 doses, before meals; when state improves, the single dose is gradually reduced to 400 mg, treatment duration – 6-8 weeks. The daily dose is 30-160 mg/kg, the daily dose should be taken twice a day, or 3-4 times a day, if necessary. Duration of treatment ranges from 2-3 weeks to 2-6 months. If necessary, it can be repeated after 6-8 weeks. In long-term therapy of psychoorganic syndrome in elderly people it is 1.2-2.4 g/day; the loading dose during the first weeks of therapy is up to 4.8 g/day. In the treatment of cerebrovascular disorders in the acute phase, it should be administered as early as possible, at a dose of 12 g/day for 2 weeks and then at 4.8-6 g/day. In cortical myoclonus treatment is started with dose of 7.2 g/day, every 3-4 days the dose is increased by 4.8 g/day up to maximum dose of 24 g/day 2-3 times per day, orally or parenterally. Every 6 months the dose should be reduced by 1.2 g every 2 days. In treatment of vertigo the dose is 2.4-4.8 g/day in 2-3 doses. In sickle cell anemia, the daily dose is 160 mg/kg divided into 4 equal portions.
- During a crisis – up to 300 mg/kg. In alcoholism – 12 g/day in the period of manifestation of ethanol `withdrawal’ syndrome; maintenance dose – 2.4 g. During treatment of comatose states, in post-traumatic period the initial dose – 9-12 g/day, maintenance – 2.4 g, the course of treatment – 3 weeks. Children are prescribed in dose of 30-50 mg/day. Treatment should be prolonged.
