Description
Ingaron Pharmacodynamics
INGARON® is a recombinant human gamma interferon consisting of 144 amino acid residues (a. o.), devoid of the first three a. o. of Cys-Tyr-Cys, replaced by Met. Its molecular weight is 16.9 kDa. Obtained by microbiological synthesis in a recombinant Escherichia coli strain and purified by column chromatography. Specific antiviral activity on cells (human fibroblasts) infected with vesicular stomatitis virus is 2-107 units per mg of protein. Interferon gamma (immune interferon) is the most important anti-inflammatory cytokine produced in humans by natural killer cells, CD4 Th1 cells and CD8 cytotoxic suppressor cells.
Macrophages, neutrophils, natural killer cells, and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes have receptors for interferon gamma. It activates the effector functions of these cells, in particular their microbocidaemia, cytotoxicity, and their production of cytokines, superoxide and nitroxide radicals (thereby causing the death of intracellular parasites). Interferon gamma blocks the replication of viral DNA and RNA, the synthesis of viral proteins and the assembly of mature viral particles. At the same time it causes cytotoxic effect on virus-infected cells.
It inhibits the B-cell response to interleukin-4, suppresses IgE production and expression of CB23-antigen. It is an inducer of apoptosis of differentiated B-cells, giving rise to autoreactive clones. Cancels the suppressive effect of interleukin-4 on interleukin-2-dependent proliferation and generation of lymphokine activated killer cells. Activates the production of acute phase proteins of inflammation, enhances the expression of genes C2 and C4 components of the complement system.
Unlike other interferons it increases the expression of HCGS antigens of both classes I and II on different cells, and induces the expression of these molecules even on the cells that do not express them constitutively. This increases the efficiency of antigen presentation and the ability of T-lymphocytes to recognize them.
Interferon gamma blocks the synthesis of β -TGF, responsible for the development of lung and liver fibrosis.
Indications
Prevention and treatment (as part of complex therapy) of influenza and acute respiratory viral infections. Prevention and treatment (as part of complex therapy) of influenza H5N1 and H1N1.
Contraindications
Individual intolerance to interferon gamma or any other drug component. Pregnancy. Childhood (under 7 years).
Use during pregnancy and during breast-feeding:
Preclinical studies did not reveal teratogenic or fetotoxic effects, but the safety of using the drug in pregnant women and nursing mothers has not been established, and therefore, its use during pregnancy and breast-feeding is contraindicated.
Dosage and administration
- Intranasal. The contents of the bottle are dissolved in 5 ml of water for injection.
- At the first signs of flu, acute respiratory infections, 2 drops in each nostril after nasal toiletting 5 times a day for 5 – 7 days.
- One course of therapy requires two vials of the drug.
- For the prevention of acute respiratory infections and flu when exposed to a sick person and / or hypothermia
2-3 drops in each nasal passage every other day 30 minutes before breakfast for 10 days. - One drop is enough for a single contact.
- One bottle of the drug is enough for one course of prevention of acute respiratory infections and influenza.
- If necessary, prophylactic courses should be repeated.
- After injection it is recommended to massage the nasal wings with fingers for a few minutes for even distribution of the drug in the nasal cavity.
- If at the end of a course of prophylaxis or treatment no improvement occurs or symptoms worsen, or new symptoms appear, you should consult a doctor.
- Use the drug only according to the indications, the method of administration and in the doses specified in the instructions.
- Instructions for preparing the drug solution
Carefully pull the plastic nozzle on the glass bottle, following the direction of arrows on the aluminum protection. 2.
2. The plastic cap along with a portion of the aluminum guard is removed.
3. In a circular motion, remove the remaining part of the aluminum guard. Remove the rubber stopper from the glass vial.
4. Open the water bottle for injection by breaking off the top of the bottle.
5. Pour 5 ml of water for injection into the glass vial with the dry substance.
6. Remove the dropper cap from the package, and attach it to the neck of the vial. Shake before use. - Because of the need to store the active ingredient in a full vacuum, the aluminum cap must be airtight and sturdy. Remove the aluminum protection of the vial slowly, avoiding cuts. If the cap breaks off during removal, the rest of the metal cap can be removed with scissors.
