Description
Mexidol Forte Pharmacodynamics
Mexidol® Forte 250 is an inhibitor of free radical processes, membranoprotector that has antihypoxic, stress-protective, nootropic, antiepileptic and anxiolytic effects. It belongs to the class of 3-oxypyridines.
The mechanism of action of Mexidol Forte 250 is due to its antioxidant, antihypoxic and membrane-protective effects. It inhibits lipid peroxidation, increases superoxide dismutase activity, increases lipid-protein ratio, improves cell membrane structure and function. The drug modulates the activity of membrane-bound enzymes (calcium-independent phosphodiesterase, adenylate cyclase, acetylcholinesterase), receptor complexes (benzodiazepine, GABA, acetylcholine) that increases their ability to bind to ligands, helps maintain the structural and functional organization of biomembranes, neurotransport and improve synaptic transmission. Mexidol® Forte 250 increases the content of dopamine in the brain. Causes enhancement of compensatory activation of aerobic glycolysis and reduction of the degree of inhibition of oxidative processes in the Krebs cycle under hypoxia with increase of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and creatine phosphate, activation of energy-synthesizing functions of mitochondria.
Increases the resistance of the organism to various damaging factors in pathological conditions (hypoxia and ischemia, impaired cerebral circulation, intoxication with ethanol and antipsychotic drugs).
Under conditions of critical reduction of coronary blood flow, it promotes preservation of structural and functional organization of cardiomyocyte membranes, stimulates the activity of membrane enzymes – phosphodiesterase, adenylate cyclase, acetylcholinesterase. It supports activation of aerobic glycolysis developing in acute ischemia and promotes under hypoxia restoration of mitochondrial redox processes, increases ATP and creatine phosphate synthesis. Ensures the integrity of morphological structures and physiological functions of ischemic myocardium. Improves the clinical course of myocardial infarction, increases the effectiveness of therapy, reduces the incidence of arrhythmias and intracardiac conduction abnormalities. Normalizes metabolic processes in ischemic myocardium, increases the antianginal activity of nitrates, improves blood rheological properties, reduces the effects of reperfusion syndrome in acute coronary failure.
It reduces enzymatic toxemia and endogenous intoxication in acute pancreatitis.
It improves metabolism and blood supply to the brain, improves microcirculation and rheological properties of blood, reduces platelet aggregation. It stabilizes membrane structures of blood cells (erythrocytes and platelets), reducing the likelihood of hemolysis. It has a hypolipidemic effect, reduces the content of total cholesterol and low-density lipoproteins.
Its anti-stressor effect is manifested in normalization of post-stress behavior, somatovegetative disturbances, restoration of sleep-wake cycles, disturbed learning and memory processes, reduction of dystrophic and morphological changes in different brain structures.
Mexidol® Forte 250 has a pronounced antitoxic effect in withdrawal syndrome. It eliminates neurological and neurotoxic symptoms of acute alcohol intoxication, restores behavioral disorders, autonomic functions, and is able to remove cognitive disorders caused by prolonged use of ethanol and its withdrawal. Under the influence of the drug, the effect of tranquilizing drugs, neuroleptics, antidepressants, hypnotics and anticonvulsants increases, which allows reducing their doses and side effects.
Mexidol® Forte 250 improves functional state of ischemic myocardium. In conditions of coronary insufficiency it increases collateral blood supply of ischemic myocardium, helps to preserve the integrity of cardiomyocytes and maintain their functional activity. Effectively restores myocardial contractility in reversible cardiac dysfunction.
Indications
– Consequences of acute cerebral circulatory disorders, including after transient ischemic attacks, in the phase of subcompensation, as preventive courses;
– Mild craniocerebral trauma, consequences of craniocerebral injuries;
– encephalopathies of various genesis (dyscirculatory, dysmetabolic, posttraumatic, mixed);
– vegetative dystonia syndrome;
– Mild cognitive disorders of atherosclerotic genesis;
– Anxiety disorders in neurotic and neurosis-like conditions;
– coronary heart disease as part of complex therapy;
– relief of withdrawal syndrome in alcoholism with a predominance of neurotic and vegetative vascular disorders, postabstinence disorders;
– states after acute intoxication with antipsychotic drugs;
– Asthenic conditions, as well as for the prevention of the development of somatic diseases under the influence of extreme factors and stress;
– Effects of extreme (stressor) factors.
Contraindications
Acute liver and kidney function, high individual sensitivity to the drug. Due to the insufficient study of the drug.
– Childhood, pregnancy, breast-feeding.
Pregnancy and lactation:
The drug Mexidol® Forte 250 is contraindicated in pregnancy and during breast-feeding.
Dosage and administration method
- Orally, 250 mg 3 times daily.
- The initial dose is 250 mg (1 tablet) 1 to 2 times a day with gradual increase of the dose to therapeutic effect. The maximum daily dose is 750 mg (3 tablets). Treatment duration is 2-6 weeks; for stopping alcohol withdrawal – 5-7 days. The duration of therapy in patients with coronary heart disease is at least 1.5-2 months.
- Repeated courses (as recommended by the doctor), preferably in spring and autumn periods.
