Description
Desloratadine Pharmacodynamics
Long-acting antihistamine drug. Desloratadine is the primary active metabolite of loratadine. It inhibits the cascade of allergic inflammatory reactions, including the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukins (IL) IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-13, the release of pro-inflammatory chemokines (RANTES), production of superoxide anions by activated polymorphonuclear neutrophils, adhesion and chemotaxis of eosinophils, release of adhesion molecules such as P-selectin, IgE-mediated release of histamine, prostaglandin D2 and leukotriene C4. Thus, it prevents and facilitates the development of allergic reactions, has antipruritic and antiexudative effects, reduces capillary permeability, prevents the development of tissue edema, spasm of smooth muscles.
The drug has no effect on the central nervous system (CNS), has no sedative effect and does not affect the speed of psychomotor reactions. In clinical and pharmacological studies of desloratadine use in the recommended therapeutic zone no prolongation of the QT interval on electrocardiogram (ECG) was noted.
The action of desloratadine begins within 30 minutes after oral administration and lasts for 24 hours.
Indications
– Seasonal and year-round allergic rhinitis (elimination or relief of sneezing, nasal congestion, nasal mucus secretion, nasal itching, palate itching, itching and red eyes, lacrimation);
– Urticaria (reduction or elimination of skin itching, skin rash).
Contraindications
– Hypersensitivity to desloratadine, loratadine and to other components of the drug;
– Pregnancy and breast-feeding;
– Children under 12 years of age.
Caution:
– Severe renal insufficiency;
– Convulsions in the anamnesis.
Pregnancy and lactation:
The use of the drug in pregnancy is contraindicated due to the lack of clinical data on the safety of Desloratadine during this period. Desloratadine is excreted with breast milk, therefore its use during breast-feeding is contraindicated.
Dosage and administration method
- Orally, regardless of meals. The drug should be taken regularly at the same time of day.
- The tablet should be swallowed whole, without chewing, with a small amount of water.
- Adults and adolescents from 12 years of age take 1 tablet (5 mg) 1 time per day.
- In case of seasonal allergic rhinitis (in case of symptoms lasting less than 4 days a week or less than 4 weeks a year) it is necessary to evaluate the course of the disease. If the symptoms disappear, the drug should be discontinued, if symptoms reappear, the drug should be resumed.
- In case of year-round allergic rhinitis (in the presence of symptoms lasting more than 4 days per week or more than 4 weeks per year), the drug should be taken during the entire period of allergen exposure.
