Description
Pyroxicam Pharmacodynamics
Pyroxicam is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic effects. Non-selectively inhibits the activity of cyclooxygenase 1 and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX1 and COX2), inhibits the synthesis of prostaglandins in the inflammation focus and the central nervous system, inhibits the exudative and proliferative phase of inflammation. Inhibits neutrophil aggregation and formation of superoxide anions in neutrophils, migration of polymorphonuclear cells and monocytes to the inflammation focus. Reduces the release of lysosomal enzymes from stimulated leukocytes. Reduces pyrogenic effect of prostaglandins on the thermoregulation center. Reduces the severity of pain syndrome of moderate intensity, increasing the threshold of pain sensitivity to biological amines. Analgesic effect appears 30 min after oral administration. After a single dose, the effect lasts for 24 hours. In joint syndrome, it relieves or reduces inflammation and pain at rest when moving, reduces morning stiffness and joint swelling, helps to increase range of motion. In algodysmenorrhea (being an inhibitor of prostaglandin synthesis in the endometrium) it relieves pain syndrome.
Indications
Diseases of the musculoskeletal system: rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, spondylitis, sciatica, psoriatic arthropathy, gout, tendovaginitis, bursitis,
Bechterew’s disease (ankylosing spondyloarthritis), spinal pain, neuralgia, myalgia, postoperative and posttraumatic pain, extra-articular rheumatic diseases, inflammation of soft tissues. Algodysmenorrhea. Designed for symptomatic therapy, reduction of pain and inflammation at the time of use, does not affect the progression of the disease.
Contraindications
– Hypersensitivity to pyroxicam, other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, components of the drug;
– Complete or incomplete combination of bronchial asthma, recurrent polyposis of nasal mucosa or paranasal sinuses and intolerance to acetylsalicylic acid and other NSAIDs (including history);
– erosive-ulcerative changes of the mucous membrane of the stomach or duodenum, active gastrointestinal bleeding; cerebrovascular or other bleeding;
– Inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn’s disease, non-specific ulcerative colitis) in the acute phase;
– Hemophilia and other blood clotting disorders;
– decompensated heart failure;
– hepatic insufficiency or any active liver disease;
– severe renal insufficiency (creatinine clearance less than 30 ml/min), progressive renal disease, confirmed hyperkalemia;
– the period after coronary artery bypass grafting;
– Pregnancy, breast-feeding;
– Children under 15 years of age.
Dosage and administration
- Adults and children over 15 years of age – orally with meals.
- Diseases of the musculoskeletal system, joint disease (rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, spondylitis), the initial and maintenance dose is 10-20 mg per
- daily in 1 or 2 doses. If necessary, the dose may be temporarily increased to
- 30 mg per day (once or in divided doses) or reduced to 10 mg per day.
- Acute diseases of the musculoskeletal system: the first 2 days, 40 mg per day in a single
- Repeatedly or in several doses for the first 2 days. The maintenance dose is 20 mg daily for 1-2 weeks.
- Acute attack of gout: It is taken by 40 mg during 4 to 6 days.
- Post-operative and post-traumatic pains: The initial dose is 20 mg
- 1 time per day. In some cases, it is possible to increase the dose with prescribing in the first
- 40 mg once daily or in divided doses for the first two days.
- In algodysmenorrhea: treatment should be started at the onset of the first symptoms
- In an initial dose of 40 mg/day in 1 or more doses over 2 days. During the next 1-3 days, 20 mg at a single dose.
- The maximum daily dose of the drug for adults and children over 15 years of age should not exceed 40 mg.
