Description
Cardionate Pharmacodynamics
Synthetic analog of gamma-butyrobetaine, inhibits gamma-butyrobetaine hydroxylase, decreases carnitine synthesis and transport of long-chain fatty acids through cell membranes, prevents accumulation of activated forms of non-oxidized fatty acids – acylcarnitine and acylcoenzyme A derivatives in cells. As a result of decrease of carnitine concentration, gamma-butyrobetaine, which has vasodilatory properties, is synthesized intensively. Under conditions of ischemia, meldonium restores the balance of oxygen delivery and consumption in the cells, prevents the violation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) transport; at the same time it activates glycolysis, which proceeds without additional oxygen consumption.
The mechanism of action determines a variety of pharmacological effects of meldonium: increased performance, reduction of symptoms of mental and physical overexertion, immune activation, cardioprotective effect. In the case of acute ischemic myocardial damage, it slows down the formation of necrotic zone, shortens the rehabilitation period. In heart failure increases myocardial contractility, increases exercise tolerance; reduces the frequency of angina attacks.
In acute and chronic ischemic cerebral circulatory disorders it improves blood circulation in ischemic area, promotes redistribution of blood in favor of ischemic area.
It is characterized by tonic effect on the central nervous system, elimination of functional disorders of the autonomic nervous system in withdrawal syndrome in patients with chronic alcoholism.
Indications
Reduced performance, mental and physical (including athletes) overload.
As part of the treatment: coronary heart disease (angina pectoris), chronic heart failure, cardialgia against myocardial dystrophy.
As part of the complex therapy: cerebral circulatory disorders (ischemic stroke, chronic cerebrovascular insufficiency).
Withdrawal state in chronic alcoholism (in the complex specific therapy).
Contraindications .
Hypersensitivity to the main and/or auxiliary components of the drug; increased intracranial pressure (with venous outflow disorders and intracranial tumors); pregnancy, breast-feeding, age under 18 years (effectiveness and safety have not been established).
Caution:
Chronic liver and/or kidney disease (due to insufficient data).
Pregnancy and lactation:
The safety of use during pregnancy has not been proven. To avoid possible adverse effects on the fetus, the drug is not prescribed during pregnancy.
It is not known whether meldonium is excreted with breast milk. If it is necessary to use Cardionat® during lactation, breastfeeding must be stopped.
Dosage and administration method
- Orally. The capsules should be swallowed in whole with water.
- Because of the possible development of the excitatory effect of the drug, it is recommended to use in the morning.
- Reduced performance, mental and physical overload – 500 mg (2 capsules), 2 times a day. The course of treatment – 10-14 days. If necessary, the treatment is repeated in 2-3 weeks.
- Athletes 500 mg 1.0 g (2 – 4 capsules), 2 times a day before training. Course duration in the preparatory period of training – 14-21 days during the competition – 10-14 days.
- Coronary heart disease (angina), chronic heart failure: 500 mg – 1.0 g (2 – 4 capsules) a day, using the entire dose at once or dividing it into two parts. The course of treatment is 4-6 weeks.
- Cardialgia in dyshormonal myocardiodystrophy – 250 mg, 2 times a day. The course of treatment is 12 days.
- Impaired cerebral circulation. After 10-day course of therapy with injectable form of Cardionat® patients are transferred to oral intravenous therapy in 500 mg to 1.0 g capsules (2 to 4 capsules) per day, taking the full dose at once or dividing it into 2 doses.
- The total course of treatment is 4-6 weeks.
- In chronic cerebrovascular failure – 500 mg (2 capsules) a day. The course of treatment is 2-3 weeks. The need for repeated courses of treatment (2-3 times a year) determined by the doctor.
- Withdrawal state in chronic alcoholism – 500 mg (2 capsules) 4 times a day. The course of treatment is 7-10 days.
