Description
Melatonin Evalar Pharmacodynamics
Melatonin – a synthetic analog of the pineal body hormone (epiphysis), synthesized from amino acids of plant origin. It has adaptogenic, sedative, hypnotic effect. Normalizes circadian rhythms. Increases the concentration of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and serotonin in the midbrain and hypothalamus, changes the activity of pyridoxalkinase, which is involved in the synthesis of GABA, dopamine and serotonin. Regulates the sleep-wake cycle, daily changes in locomotor activity and body temperature, has a positive effect on the intellectual and mental functions of the brain, and on the emotional-personal sphere. Promotes the organization of the biological rhythm and normalization of night sleep, has a hypnotic effect. Improves sleep quality, speeds up falling asleep, reduces the number of night awakenings, improves feelings after waking up in the morning, does not cause a feeling of lethargy, frazzled and tiredness upon awakening. Makes dreams more vivid and emotionally rich.
Adapts the body to rapid change of time zones, reduces stress reactions, regulates neuroendocrine functions. Adapts the body of weather-sensitive people to changes in weather conditions. Exhibits immune stimulating and antioxidant properties.
Does not cause addiction or dependence.
Indications
In disorders of sleep, including those caused by a violation of the rhythm of “sleep-wake”, such as desynchronosis (rapid change of time zones).
Contraindications .
Hypersensitivity to the ingredients of the drug, autoimmune diseases, hepatic insufficiency, severe renal insufficiency, children under 18 years of age, pregnancy, breast-feeding.
Caution
The effect of varying degrees of renal insufficiency on the pharmacokinetics of melatonin has not been studied, so such patients should use melatonin with caution.
Administration during pregnancy and breast feeding
The drug is contraindicated in pregnancy and during breast-feeding.
Dosage and administration method.
- Inside.
- In case of sleep disturbance – 3 mg once a day 30-40 minutes before sleep. As an adaptogen in desynchronosis when changing the time zones, 1 day before the flight and 3 mg 30-40 minutes before sleep for 2-5 days afterwards. The maximum daily dose is 6 mg.
- Elderly patients
Melatonin metabolism decreases with age, which should be considered when choosing a dosing regimen for elderly patients. Taking this into account in elderly patients, it is possible to take the drug 60-90 minutes before sleep. - Renal failure
The effect of different degrees of renal failure on the pharmacokinetics of melatonin has not been studied, therefore melatonin should be used with caution in these patients. In patients with severe renal insufficiency, the use of the drug is not recommended.
