Description
Albumin Pharmacodynamics
Plasma substitute obtained by fractionation of plasma, serum from healthy donors. It replenishes blood plasma albumin deficiency, maintains colloidal-osmotic (oncotic) blood pressure, rapidly increases arterial pressure and CPC, promotes fluid transfer from tissues into the bloodstream, has detoxifying properties. Albumin is a natural protein that is a part of human blood protein fraction with a molecular weight of 69000 daltons. In normal human blood plasma, albumin accounts for about 60%. The albumin protein molecule consists of all 20 amino acids. Albumin synthesis occurs in the liver. Albumin has a number of functions in the body. Its main function is to maintain colloidal oncotic blood pressure. Albumin solution 100 mg/ml is an effective remedy for hypoalbuminemia of different genesis, disturbed central and peripheral hemodynamics, water-electrolyte equilibrium, has detoxifying properties. Albumin binds and transports pigments (bilirubin), fatty acids, some metal ions, drugs. In addition, albumin binds toxins and inactivates them.
Indications
Shock (traumatic, surgical, toxic); burns accompanied by dehydration and “clotting” of the blood; acute blood loss; purulent-septic conditions; liver diseases (with impaired albumin-synthesizing function); kidney damage (nephritis, nephrotic syndrome).
Hypoproteinemia, hypoalbuminemia of different genesis, developing in alimentary dystrophy, decrease of plasma albumin content below 30 g/l, or colloid-oncotic pressure level below 15 mm Hg, or total protein lowering below 50 g/l; GIT lesions with absorption or permeability disorders.
During surgery using artificial circulation; therapeutic plasmapheresis; hemolytic disease of newborns during blood exchange transfusion.
During preoperative hemodilution and preparation of autologous blood components; in case of cerebral edema.
Contraindications .
Hypersensitivity, hypervolemia, IIB-III degree heart failure, pulmonary edema, severe anemia.
With caution:
Renal failure, bleeding, thrombosis, arterial hypertension.
Pregnancy and lactation:
Albumin solution should be used during pregnancy and during breastfeeding only if the potential benefit to the mother exceeds the possible risk to the fetus or child.
- Dosage and administration
Albumin solution of 10% and 20% – intravenously drops at a rate not exceeding 40-50 drops per minute, single dose is determined individually taking into account the age and severity of the patient; albumin solution of 5% – at a rate not exceeding 50-60 drops per minute. - In pediatric practice, albumin 10% solution is prescribed at a dose of 3 ml/kg of body weight. In elderly people, concentrated albumin solutions of 20% and rapid administration of albumin solutions of 5% and 10% should be avoided, because it may lead to overloading of the cardiovascular system.
- Jet injection of albumin solution is acceptable in shocks of various genesis for rapid increase in blood pressure.
