Description
Gopanthenic acid Pharmacodynamics
The spectrum of action of the drug gopanthenic acid is associated with the presence of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in its structure. The mechanism of action is due to the direct effect of the drug on GABA-receptor-channel complex. The drug Gopanthenic acid has nootropic and anticonvulsant effects. It increases resistance of the brain to hypoxia and toxic substances, stimulates anabolic processes in neurons, combines a moderate sedative effect with a mild stimulating effect, reduces motor excitability, increases mental and physical performance. It improves the metabolism of GMc in chronic alcohol intoxication and after ethanol withdrawal. It is able to inhibit acetylation reactions involved in the mechanisms of inactivation of procaine (novocaine) and sulfonamides, thus prolonging the action of the latter. Causes inhibition of pathologically increased bladder reflex and detrusor tone.
Indications
– Cognitive disorders in organic brain lesions, including those resulting from neuroinfections, traumatic brain injury and neurotic disorders;
– in extrapyramidal hyperkinesias in patients with hereditary diseases of the nervous system in combination with the ongoing therapy;
– as corrector in side effect of neuroleptic drugs, in neuroleptic extrapyramidal syndrome (hyperkinetic and akinetic), as a part of complex therapy in cerebral organic insufficiency in patients with schizophrenia;
– epilepsy with delayed mental processes in complex therapy with anticonvulsants;
– Psycho-emotional overload, decreased mental and physical performance, to improve concentration and memory;
– neurogenic disorders of urination (pollakiuria, imperative urges, imperative urinary incontinence, enuresis);
– children with developmental delays (mental, speech, motor, or a combination thereof), including those resulting from perinatal encephalopathy and children with various forms of infantile cerebral palsy;
– children with hyperkinetic disorders (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder);
– Children with neurosis-like conditions (tics, stuttering, mainly in the clonic form).
Contraindications .
Hypersensitivity to any of the components of the drug, acute severe kidney disease, pregnancy, breast-feeding, children under 3 years of age (solid dosage form).
Administration during pregnancy and lactation
It is not recommended to use during pregnancy and breast-feeding period in connection with absence of data on efficacy and safety.
There are no data on penetration of Gopantenic acid into breast milk. If it is necessary to apply the drug during lactation, breast-feeding must be discontinued.
Dosage and administration.
- Inside, 15-30 minutes after a meal. In view of the nootropic effect of the drug, it is preferably taken in the morning and afternoon hours (before 5 pm).
- A single dose for adults is usually 250-1000 mg, for children over 3 years – 250-500 mg; a daily dose for adults is 1500-3000 mg, for children over 3 years – 750-3000 mg.
The course of treatment is from 1 to 4 months, in some cases up to 6 months. A repeated course of treatment is possible after 3 to 6 months. - In cognitive disorders with organic brain lesions, including those caused by neuroinfections, craniocerebral injuries and neurotic disorders: 250 mg 3-4 times a day.
In extrapyramidal hyperkinesia in patients with hereditary diseases of the nervous system in combination with the ongoing therapy: in dosage from 500 to 3000 mg per day. The course of treatment is up to 4 months or more. - As a corrector in case of side effects of neuroleptic agents, in neuroleptic extrapyramidal syndrome (hyperkinetic and akinetic), in combination therapy in patients with schizophrenia with cerebral organic insufficiency: in adults – in dose from 500 to 1000 mg per day; children over 3 years – in dose from 250 to 500 mg 3-4 times a day. The course of treatment is 1-3 months.
- In epilepsy with mental retardation in combination therapy with anticonvulsants: adults – in dosage from 500 to 1000 mg 3 times a day; children over 3 years old – in dosage from 250 to 500 mg 3-4 times a day. The course of treatment is up to 6 months.
In cases of psychoemotional overload and decreased mental and physical performance, to improve the concentration and memory: 250 mg 3 times a day. - In neurogenic disorders of urination: adults – in doses from 500 to 1000 mg 2-3 times a day, children over 3 years – in doses from 250 to 500 mg 3 times a day (daily dose is 25-50 mg/kg body weight). The course of treatment is 1-3 months.
- For children above 3 years of age with various pathologies of nervous system the drug is recommended to be taken in dose of 1000-3000 mg per day, depending on the age. The tactics of using the drug: dose increase within 7-12 days, maximum dose intake within 15-40 days and gradual dose decrease until cancellation of the drug Gopantenic acid within 7-8 days. A break between courses of administration of Gopantenic acid, as for any other nootropic, is 1 to 3 months. Children over 3 years of age with developmental delay: 500 mg 3-4 times a day, the course of treatment – 2-3 months.
- Children over 3 years of age with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, depending on body weight, take the drug in an average therapeutic dose of 30 mg/kg/day, morning and afternoon. The optimal dose is determined for each patient individually by selection with a gradual increase in the dose during the first 5-7 days. The course of treatment is 3-4 months.
- For children over 3 years old in neurosis-like conditions (tics, with stuttering, mostly in clonic form): in doses from 250 to 500 mg 3-6 times a day. The course of treatment is 1-4 months.
- The drug is used in children over 3 years old. At an earlier age it is recommended to take the drug in pediatric dosage form.
