Description
Immunofan Pharmacodynamics
The drug has immune-regulating, detoxifying, hepatoprotective effects and inactivation of free radical and peroxide compounds. Pharmacological action is based on achieving three main effects: correction of the immune system, restoration of the balance of oxidation-antioxidant response of the body and inhibition of multiple drug resistance mediated by cell transmembrane transport pump proteins.
The action of the drug starts to develop within 2-3 hours (fast phase) and lasts up to 4 months (middle and slow phases).
During fast phase (duration – up to 2 to 3 days) the detoxication effect is primarily manifested – antioxidant protection of the organism increases by stimulating production of ceruloplasmin, lactoferrin, catalase activity; the drug normalizes lipid peroxidation, inhibits breakdown of cell membrane phospholipids and arachidonic acid synthesis with subsequent decrease of blood cholesterol levels and production of inflammatory mediators. In toxic and infectious liver damage the drug prevents cytolysis, reduces transaminase activity and serum bilirubin level.
During the middle phase (begins after 2-3 days, duration – up to 7-10 days) there is an intensification of phagocytosis reactions and death of intracellular bacteria and viruses.
During the slow phase (begins to develop on 7-10 days, duration up to 4 months) the immune-regulating effect of the drug is manifested – restoration of disturbed parameters of cellular and humoral immunity. During this period, restoration of immunoregulatory index is observed, increase in production of specific antibodies is noted. Influence of the drug on production of specific antiviral and antibacterial antibodies is equivalent to the action of therapeutic vaccines. Unlike the latter the preparation has no significant influence on production of reactive antibodies of IgE class and does not increase the reaction of immediate hypersensitivity type. Immunophan stimulates IgA formation in case of its congenital insufficiency.
Immunophan effectively suppresses multiple drug resistance of tumor cells and increases their sensitivity to the action of chemotherapeutic drugs.
Indications
It is used in adults and children over 2 years old for prophylaxis and treatment of immunodeficiency and toxic conditions, acute and chronic infectious and inflammatory diseases.
Contraindications .
Hypersensitivity, children under 2 years of age.
Using during pregnancy and lactation
The drug should not be used in pregnancies complicated by Rh conflict. During pregnancy and breast-feeding, apply only if the expected benefits to the mother exceed the potential risk to the fetus and child.
Directions for use and dosages
- Intranasal. During use the vial should be held upright with the atomizer upwards. Remove the protective cap from the atomizer. Before first use, fill the dosing pump by pressing the wide rim of the atomizer 3-4 times. Insert the atomizer into the nasal passage with the head upright. Press the wide rim of the atomizer once until it stops. One dose of the drug contains 45 micrograms of Imunofan. The daily dose should not exceed 180 mcg.
- In the complex therapy of acute and chronic infectious-inflammatory diseases accompanied by symptoms of intoxication and immunodeficiency state, immunofan is administered by 1 dose (45 mcg) in each nasal passage 2 times a day, daily during 10-15 days.
- In opportunistic infections (cytomegalovirus and herpes infections, toxoplasmosis, chlamydia, pneumocystis, cryptosporidiosis):
– 1 dose (45 mcg) in each nasal passage 2 times a day, daily, treatment course of 10-15 days. If necessary, the course may be repeated in 2-4 weeks. - In chronic viral hepatitis and chronic brucellosis:
– 1 dose (45 mcg) into each nasal passage once a day, daily, treatment course 10 – 15 days, to prevent relapse, repeat courses should be carried out in 4 – 6 months. - In the treatment regimen of patients with HIV infection:
– 1 dose (45 mcg) into each nasal passage once a day, daily, for 10 to 15 days. If necessary, the course may be repeated in 2-4 weeks. - When treating cancer patients under the scheme of radical combined treatment (chemo-radiation therapy and surgery):
– 1 dose (45 mcg) into each nasal passage once a day, daily, for 8-10 days before chemo-radiation therapy and surgery with subsequent continuation of the course during the entire period of treatment. - In patients with advanced tumor process (III – IV stages) of different localization in terms of complex or symptomatic therapy:
– 1 dose (45 mcg) into each nasal passage once a day, daily, for 8-10 days. If necessary and in the presence of pronounced toxicosis it is recommended to repeat the course.
