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Description
Activated charcoal Pharmacodynamics
It has enterosorbent, detoxifying and antidiarrheal action. It belongs to the group of polyvalent physico-chemical antidotes with high surface activity. It adsorbs poisons and toxins from gastrointestinal tract before their absorption, including alkaloids, glycosides, barbiturates and other narcotics, salts of heavy metals, toxins of bacterial, plant and animal origin, phenol derivatives, hydrocyanic acids, sulfonamides and gases. The drug also adsorbs excess of some metabolic products -bilirubin, urea, cholesterol, as well as endogenous metabolites responsible for the development of endogenous toxicity. It weakly adsorbs acids and alkalis (including iron salts, cyanides, malathion, methanol, ethylene glycol). Active as a sorbent in hemoperfusion. Does not irritate the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract.
Indications
Exogenous and endogenous intoxications of different origin (as a detoxifying agent). Food toxicosis, dysentery, salmonellosis (in treatment). Poisonings from drugs (psychotropic, sleeping pills, narcotics), alkaloids, salts of heavy metals and other poisons. Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, accompanied by dyspepsia and flatulence. Food and drug allergies. Hyperbilirubinemia (viral hepatitis and other jaundice) and hyperazotemia (renal failure). To reduce gas formation in the intestine before ultrasound and X-ray examinations. For the prevention of chronic intoxication in harmful industries.
Contraindications .
Hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, gastrointestinal ulcers (including gastric and duodenal ulcers, ulcerative colitis), bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract, intestinal atony, simultaneous administration of antitoxic drugs whose effect is developed after absorption (methionine and others).
Caution
Patients with diabetes mellitus and those on a reduced carbohydrate diet.
Administration during pregnancy and lactation
It is possible to use the drug during pregnancy and breast feeding period, if the expected benefits to a mother exceed the potential risk for a fetus and a child. Consult a physician.
Dosage and administration
- Orally, in tablets or as an aqueous suspension of crushed tablets, 1-2 hours before or after meals and other drugs. The required number of tablets is dissolved in 100 ml (1/2 cup) of cool water. Children are prescribed the drug at an average of 0.05 g/kg body weight 3 times a day, depending on body weight. The maximum single dose is up to 0.2 g/kg of body weight. Adults are prescribed an average of 1-2 g (4-8 tablets) 3-4 times a day. Maximum single dose for adults is up to 8 g (16 pills). The course of treatment for acute diseases is 3-5 days, with allergies and chronic diseases – up to 14 days. The second course – 2 weeks later, upon the recommendation of the doctor. In acute poisoning treatment is prescribed with gastric lavage with activated charcoal suspension, then give inside 20-30 g of the drug. When flatulence is prescribed orally by 1-2 g (4-8 tablets) 3-4 times a day. The course of treatment is 3-7 days.
