Description
Oftocipro Pharmacodynamics
It is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial, fluoroquinolone derivative, inhibits bacterial DNA-Gyrase (topoisomers II and IV, responsible for DNA unwinding for further transcription process), inhibits DNA synthesis, bacterial growth and division.
It is bactericidal on Gram-negative organisms during dormancy and division, on Gram-positive organisms only during division.
Gram-negative aerobic bacteria are sensitive to ciprofloxacin: Enterobacteriaceae (Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Citrobacter spp., Klebsiella spp., Enterobacter spp, Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Serratia marcescens, Hafnia alvei, Edwardsiella tarda, Providencia spp., Morganella morganii, Vibrio spp., Yersinia spp.), other Gram-negative bacteria (Haemophilus spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Moraxella catarrhalis, Aeromonas spp, Pasteurella multocida, Plesiomonas shigelloides, Campylobacter jejuni, Neisseria spp.), some intracellular pathogens – Legionella pneumophila, Brucella spp, Chlamydia trachomatis, Listeria monocytogenes, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium kansasii, Corynebacterium diphtheriae; Gram-positive aerobic bacteria: Staphylococcus spp. (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Staphylococcus hominis, Staphylococcus saprophyticus), Streptococcus spp. (Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus agalactiae).
Most methicillin-resistant staphylococci are also resistant to ciprofloxacin. Sensitivity of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Enterococcus faecalis, Mycobacterium avium (located intracellularly) is moderate (high concentrations are required for their suppression).
Bacteroides fragilis, Pseudomonas cepacia, Pseudomonas maltophilia, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Clostridium difficile, Nocardia asteroides are resistant to the drug. Ineffective against Treponema pallidum.
Resistance develops very slowly because, on the one hand, after ciprofloxacin action practically no persistent microorganisms remain, and on the other hand, bacterial cells have no enzymes that inactivate it.
Indications
– Infectious eye diseases caused by susceptible microorganisms (acute and subacute conjunctivitis, blepharitis, blepharoconjunctivitis, keratitis, keratoconjunctivitis, bacterial corneal ulcer, chronic dacryocystitis, meibomitis, infectious eye lesions after injuries or foreign body penetration);
– Pre- and postoperative prophylaxis of infectious complications in ophthalmosurgery.
Contraindications
– Hypersensitivity to ciprofloxacin or other quinolones, or to any of the excipients;
– pregnancy;
– Breast-feeding period;
– childhood (under 2 years of age);
– viral and fungal eye lesions.
Caution
Use with caution in patients with atherosclerosis of cerebral vessels, impaired cerebral circulation, convulsive syndrome.
Administration during pregnancy and breast feeding.
The drug is contraindicated in pregnancy and during breast-feeding.
Directions for use and dosages
- Adults and children over 2 years old take a 1-1.5 cm strip of ointment behind the lower eyelid of the affected eye 3 times a day for 2 days. Then the drug is used twice a day for 5 days. If severe infectious process develops, the ointment is applied every 3-4 hours, as inflammation decreases, reduce the frequency of application of the drug.
- The course of treatment should not exceed 14 days. To administer the ointment you should gently pull the lower eyelid down and, by slightly pressing the tube, introduce a strip of ointment into the conjunctival sac. Then slowly release the eyelid and press it with a cotton swab or cotton swab for 1-2 minutes. After that you should close your eyes for 1-2 minutes.
