Description
Calcium Chloride Pharmacodynamics
Calcium preparation, replenishes the calcium deficit, which is necessary for transmission of nerve impulses, contraction of skeletal and smooth muscles, myocardial activity, formation of bone tissue, blood clotting. It reduces the permeability of the cells of the vascular wall.
Indications
Allergic diseases (urticaria, angioneurotic edema, allergodermatosis, serum sickness), insect bites and stings, hypocalcemia (including hypocalcemic tetany, hypoparathyreosis), lead colic, hyperkalemia, magnesium overdose (as part of complex therapy).
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to the drug, hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria, severe chronic renal failure, ventricular fibrillation, urolithiasis, sarcoidosis, simultaneous use of cardiac glycosides; pregnancy, lactation.
With caution:
Mild to moderate chronic renal failure, dehydration, electrolyte imbalance (risk of hypercalcemia), heart disease (risk of arrhythmia), kidney disease, “pulmonary” heart, respiratory acidosis, respiratory failure (risk of toxic reactions due to calcium chloride oxidation).
Dosage and administration
- Intravenously by jetting (slowly) or dropwise at a rate of no more than 0.75 to 1.5 ml/min.
- After injection the patient should remain in the “lying” position for a short time.
- In allergic diseases (urticaria, angioneurotic edema, allergodermatosis, serum sickness), insect bites and stings, lead colic, overdose of magnesium drugs – 7.5-15 ml.
- In acute hypocalcemia: 7.5-15 ml for 1-3 days, repeated every 1-3 days if necessary.
- In hypocalcemic tetany – 5-17.5 ml. Administration is repeated every 8 hours until therapeutic effect is achieved.
- In hyperkalemia (under ECG control), 2.45-15 ml; if necessary, a second dose is administered after 1-2 minutes.
- In children – 0.3 ml/kg, maximum daily dose is 15 ml.
- For intravenous drip administration the solution is pre-diluted with 5% dextrose solution or 0.9% sodium chloride solution.
