Description
Dorzolamide+Timolol Pharmacodynamics
The drug contains two active components: dorzolamide and timolol, both of which reduce elevated intraocular pressure by reducing the secretion of intraocular fluid. The combined action of these substances in the combined drug leads to a more pronounced reduction of intraocular pressure.
Dorzolamide is a selective inhibitor of type II carbohydrase. Inhibition of ciliary body carboanhydrase leads to decreased intraocular fluid secretion, presumably by reducing the formation of hydrocarbonate ions, which in turn leads to slower sodium and fluid transport.
Timolol is a non-selective beta-adrenoblocker. Although the exact mechanism of action of timolol maleate in reducing intraocular pressure has not yet been established, several studies have shown a predominant reduction in intraocular fluid formation, as well as a slight increase in its outflow.
Indications
The drug is used for the treatment of elevated intraocular pressure in open-angle glaucoma and pseudoexfoliative glaucoma when monotherapy is ineffective or for ophthalmohypertension when beta-adrenoblocker therapy is insufficient in response.
Contraindications
– Airway hyperresponsiveness, bronchial asthma, bronchial asthma in anamnesis, severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
– sinus bradycardia, sinus node weakness syndrome, sinoatrial block, degree II-III anthrioventricular block without a pacemaker, severe heart failure, cardiogenic shock;
– severe renal insufficiency (CKR less than 30 ml/min) or hyperchloremic acidosis;
– corneal dystrophic processes;
– Pregnancy and lactation;
– Hypersensitivity to any component of the drug;
– childhood under 18 years of age (due to insufficient study of efficacy and safety).
Dosage and administration
- The drug is administered in ONE drop into conjunctival sac of the affected eye (or both eyes) twice a day.
- If the drug is prescribed as a substitute for another ophthalmic drug for glaucoma treatment, the latter should be discontinued one day before starting therapy with the drug.
- If used together with any other eye drops, the drugs should be used at least 10 minutes apart.
- Nasolacrimal occlusion (closing the eyelids) for 2 minutes after the injection of the drug decreases its systemic absorption, which may lead to enhanced local action.
- The drug is a sterile solution and if used incorrectly the vial can become infected and cause serious eye infections and subsequent visual impairment or loss. Therefore, patients should use the vial correctly and DO NOT touch the surface of the eye or the eyelid with the tip of the vial.
