Description
Dipyridamole-FPO Pharmacodynamics
Dipyridamole inhibits platelet aggregation and adhesion, improves microcirculation, and has a mild vasodilator effect. The mechanism by which dipyridamole has an inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation is associated with inhibition of adenosine reuptake (platelet reactivity inhibitor) by endothelial cells, red blood cells and platelets; activation of adenylate cyclase and inhibition of platelet phosphodiesterase. Thus, dipyridamole prevents the release of aggregation activators from platelets – thromboxane (TxA2), ADP, serotonin and others. Dipyridamole increases prostacyclin Pgl2 synthesis by vascular endothelium, normalizes Pgl2 to TXA2 ratio, preventing platelet aggregation, and increases endothelial nitric oxide (N0) synthesis. Dipyridamole reduces platelet adhesiveness, prevents clot formation in vessels and stabilizes blood flow in the ischemic focus.
Dipyridamole dose-dependently prolongs pathologically shortened life time of platelets.
Dipyridamole, due to its vasodilator properties, helps to reduce total peripheral vascular resistance, improves microcirculation, has angioprotective effect. These effects are due to increased activity of endogenous adenosine (adenosine affects vascular smooth muscle and prevents release of norepinephrine). Dipyridamole has both angiogenic and arteriogenic activity. stimulating the formation of new capillaries and collateral arteries.
Dipyridamole normalizes venous outflow, reduces the incidence of deep vein thrombosis in the postoperative period. It improves microcirculation in the retina and renal tubules.
In neurological practice such pharmacodynamic effects of dipyridamole as reduction of cerebral vascular tone and improvement of cerebral circulation are used. According to angiographic studies, the use of dipyridamole in combination with acetylsalicylic acid can slow the progression of atherosclerosis.
In obstetric practice dipyridamole is used to improve placental blood flow and prevent dystrophic changes in the placenta, elimination of fetal tissue hypoxia and glycogen accumulation in them.
Indications
– Treatment and prevention of cerebral circulation disorders of the ischemic type;
– discirculatory encephalopathy;
– primary and secondary prevention of coronary heart disease (CHD), especially in intolerance to acetylsalicylic acid (for 75 mg dosage);
– Prevention of arterial and venous thrombosis and its complications;
– Prevention of thromboembolism after cardiac valve replacement surgery;
– Prevention of placental insufficiency in complicated pregnancy;
– as a part of complex therapy for any microcirculatory disorders of any genesis;
– as an interferon inducer and immunomodulator for prevention and treatment of influenza, acute respiratory viral infections (ARI) (for 25 mg dosage).
– chronic obstructive pulmonary disease;
– decompensated renal insufficiency;
– hepatic insufficiency;
– hemorrhagic diathesis;
– diseases with a tendency to bleeding (gastric and duodenal ulcer, etc.);
– children under 12 years of age (efficacy and safety have not been studied).
Contraindications
– Hypersensitivity to the components of the drug;
– lactose intolerance, lactase deficiency, glucose-galactose malabsorption syndrome;
– acute myocardial infarction;
– unstable angina pectoris;
– widespread stenotic atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries;
– subaortic stenosis;
– decompensated heart failure;
– severe arterial hypotension;
– severe arterial hypertension;
– severe heart rhythm disturbances;
Dosage and administration
- Tablets are taken orally on an empty stomach with a small amount of water, without breaking or biting. Dose of the drug is chosen depending on the indications, the severity of the disease and the patient’s reaction to treatment. The duration of the course of treatment is determined by the doctor.
- To reduce platelet aggregation, it is recommended to take the drug in a daily dose of 75-225 mg (3-9 tablets of 25 mg or 1-3 tablets of 75 mg).
- In severe cases, the daily dose may be increased to 600 mg (8 tablets of 75 mg). For prophylaxis of placental insufficiency, it is recommended to take Dipyridamole-FPO in a dose of 25 mg or 75 mg (1 tablet of 25 mg or 75 mg 3 times daily). Maximal recommended daily dose is 225 mg (9 tablets of 25 mg or 3 tablets of 75 mg).
- For prevention and treatment of cerebrovascular disorders, the daily dose of dipyridamole is 225-450 mg (1 tablet of 75 mg 3-6 times per day).
- Patients with CHD are recommended to take the drug Dipyridamole-F110 75 mg 3 times a day.
- If necessary, the dose may be increased under medical supervision.
- For prevention of influenza and other acute respiratory infections, especially during epidemics, it is recommended to take the drug Dipyridamol-F1 IO according to the following scheme: 50 mg (2 tablets of 25 mg) once a week for 4-5 weeks.
- To prevent relapses in patients with frequent respiratory viral infections, it is recommended to take the drug Dipyridamol-FPO according to the following scheme: 100 mg (2 tablets of 25 mg twice a day with an interval of 2 hours) once a week for 8-10 weeks.
- Dipyridamol-FPO1 is suitable for long-term treatment.
